Professional drainage engineers use specialised cameras designed to travel through pipes of varying diameters. These cameras are typically mounted on flexible cables or small, wheeled crawlers capable of navigating bends and junctions in the drainage system. The live video feed is relayed to a monitor above ground, allowing the operator to spot blockages, cracks, and other defects in real time. High-resolution imaging and adjustable LED lighting ensure even small details are visible, while built-in measurement features can help gauge the extent of damage or the size of obstructions. Some advanced systems also incorporate pan-and-tilt capabilities for a closer look at suspicious areas. In addition to the camera itself, operators may use a sonde or locator device, which emits signals that can be detected on the surface. This helps pinpoint the camera’s position underground, enabling accurate mapping of the drainage layout and precise identification of problem spots.